This paper presents the results of theoretical analysis and practical research into the characteristics of volitional activity of children aged 5-6 years who are often ill. The study contains a proven diagnostic program aimed at identifying the level of development of each of the structural components of volitional action. The study describes the volitional development program of older preschool children. The results of the factor analysis of the studied phenomena are described. The author hopes that this study will be useful for child psychologists and social workers, and will help to optimize work with often ill children in preparation for school.